Magsud Mammad oglu Mammadov was born in Iravan in December 1897 and graduated from Iravan Boys’ Gymnasium. He studied at the Azerbaijan Polytechnic Institute, the Communist University named after Yakov Sverdlov.

He started his career as a teacher in Iravan in 1915. In 1920–1923, he worked as the head of the Baku City People’s Food Commissariat Department. In 1925–1927 he worked in the People’s Finance Commissariat of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, in 1929–1930 he was the rector of Azerbaijan State University (now Baku State University). In 1931, he worked as the People’s Commissar of Education of the Azerbaijan SSR. Magsud Mammadov spent a lot of energy to improve the educational and cultural level of the Azerbaijani people. Magsud Mammadov was appointed the secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan in 1931 and worked in this position until 1933.

Magsud Mammadov was the director of the Azerbaijan Party History Institute in 1933–1934. Considering his rich experience in party work, he was invited to work in the Central Committee again. In 1936–1937, he worked as a head of the department of the Central Committee of the Azerbaijan C(b)P. From July 29 to September 19, 1937, he served as the director of “Azernashr”.

Magsud Mammadov was elected a bureau member of the Central Committee of the Azerbaijan C(b)P, represented in the group of editors and translators of “Selected Works” of V.I.Lenin, which was first published in the Azerbaijani language in 1933 in the Azerbaijan State Publishing House.

Magsud Mammadov, a member of the Communist Party since September 1920, was a member of the Nakhchivan Central Executive Committee in 1925–1927, the Baku Committee of the Azerbaijan C(b)P in 1930–1934, and the Central Committee of the Azerbaijan C(b)P in 1931. In 1931–1933, he was elected a member of the All-Union K(b)P Transcaucasian State Committee.

Magsud Mammadov, one of the victims of repression, was arrested and shot by the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs in September 1937. He was acquitted in 1957.

Maqsud Mammadov is the nephew of Abbas Mahammadzadeh, one of the famous intellectuals of Iravan.